An Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a simple, quick, and painless test used to measure the electrical activity of the heart. It helps detect irregularities in heart rhythm, identify signs of a previous or current heart attack, and monitor the effectiveness of cardiac treatments. Small electrodes are placed on the chest, arms, and legs to record the heart’s electrical signals.

A cardiac consultation with Dr. Vishwanath Yadav, Consultant Interventional Cardiologist, is a thorough evaluation of your heart health aimed at diagnosing, managing, and preventing cardiovascular diseases. During the consultation, Dr. Yadav will review your medical history, assess your symptoms—such as chest discomfort, breathlessness, or irregular heartbeat—and may recommend relevant tests like ECG, echocardiography, or a stress test to better understand your cardiac condition.

2D Echocardiography, commonly known as 2D Echo, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that uses ultrasound waves to create real-time images of the heart. It allows cardiologists to evaluate the size, shape, and movement of the heart chambers and valves. This test is crucial in detecting structural heart abnormalities, valve disorders, heart failure, and other cardiac conditions.

A TMT (Treadmill Test), also known as a Stress Test, is a diagnostic procedure used to evaluate how the heart responds to physical exertion. It helps identify reduced blood flow to the heart muscles during exercise, which may indicate underlying coronary artery disease or other cardiac conditions. During the test, the patient walks on a treadmill while their heart rate, blood pressure, and ECG are continuously monitored.

Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) is a series of non-invasive tests that measure how well your lungs are working. It evaluates lung volume, capacity, flow rates, and gas exchange, helping diagnose respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other lung disorders. PFT is essential for assessing lung function before surgery or monitoring the progression of lung diseases.

Stress Echocardiography, commonly known as Stress Echo, is a diagnostic test that combines an echocardiogram with a stress test to evaluate how well your heart functions under physical stress. This test helps detect areas of the heart that may not be receiving enough blood or oxygen during exercise, which can indicate coronary artery disease or other heart problems.

Sonography, also known as ultrasound imaging, is a safe and non-invasive diagnostic technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of organs and tissues inside the body. It is widely used to examine various parts such as the abdomen, heart, blood vessels, and soft tissues, helping doctors detect abnormalities and monitor conditions in real-time.

A Holter monitor is a portable device used to continuously record the heart’s electrical activity over 24 to 48 hours or longer. Unlike a standard ECG that captures heart function for only a few seconds, the Holter monitor helps detect irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias) that may occur sporadically throughout the day or night, especially during normal daily activities.

ABPM is a non-invasive test that measures your blood pressure at regular intervals over a 24-hour period while you go about your daily activities. This provides a more accurate and comprehensive understanding of your blood pressure patterns compared to a single reading. It’s especially useful in diagnosing hypertension, evaluating treatment effectiveness, and identifying conditions like white-coat syndrome.

Angiography is a diagnostic imaging procedure used to visualize the inside of blood vessels and organs, particularly the arteries, veins, and heart chambers. It plays a crucial role in identifying blockages, narrowing, or other abnormalities in the blood vessels that may lead to serious heart conditions. The procedure typically involves injecting a contrast dye into the bloodstream and capturing detailed X-ray images.

Angioplasty is a minimally invasive procedure used to open narrowed or blocked arteries, most commonly in the heart (coronary arteries). It helps restore proper blood flow and reduces symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, or fatigue caused by restricted blood supply to the heart. The procedure involves inserting a small balloon through a catheter, which is then inflated to widen the artery. In many cases, a stent (a small wire mesh tube) is placed to keep the artery open.